The Life of Serial Killer Israel Keyes

On March 16, 2012, Israel Keyes was arrested in Lufkin, Texas after he used a debit card that belonged to an 18-year-old Alaska woman that he killed and dismembered in February. During the following months, while awaiting trial for the murder of Samantha Koenig, Keyes confessed to seven other murders during more than 40 hours of interviews with the FBI. Investigators believe there are at least three more victims and possibly much more. Early Influences Keyes was born Jan. 7, 1978 in Richmond, Utah to parents who were Mormon and homeschooled their children. When the family moved to Stevens County, Washington north of Colville, they attended The Ark, a Christian Identity church which is known for racist and anti-Semitic views. During that time, the Keyes family was friends and neighbors with the Kehoe family. Israel Keyes was childhood friends of Chevie and Cheyne Kehoe, known racists who were later convicted of murder and attempted murder. Military Service At age 20, Keyes joined the U.S. Army and served at Fort Lewis, Fort Hood and in Egypt until he was honorably discharged in 2000. At some point during his young adult years, he rejected religion completely and proclaimed he was an atheist. Keyes life of crime had begun before he joined the military, however. He admitted to raping a young girl in Oregon sometime between 1996 and 1998 when he would have been 18 to 20 years old. He told FBI agents that he separated a girl from her friends and raped, but not killed her. He told investigators that he planned to kill her, but decided not to. It was the beginning of a long list of crimes, including burglaries and robberies that authorities are now trying to piece together into a timeline of Keyes criminal career. Sets up Base in Alaska By 2007, Keyes established Keyes Construction in Alaska and began working as a construction contractor. It was from his base in Alaska that Keyes ventured out into almost every region of the United States to plan and commit his murders. He traveled many times since 2004, looking for victims and setting up buried caches of money, weapons, and tools needed to kill and dispose of the bodies. His trips, he told the FBI, were not financed with money from his construction business, but from the money he got from robbing banks. Investigators are trying to determine how many bank robberies that he may have been responsible for during his many trips across the country. It is also unknown at what point Keyes escalated to committing random murders. Investigators suspect it began 11 years before his arrest, shortly after he left the military. Modus Operandi According to Keyes, his usual routine would be to fly to some area of the country, rent a vehicle and then drive sometimes hundreds of miles to find victims. He would set up and bury murder kits somewhere in the targeted area - stashing items like shovels, plastic bags, money, weapons, ammunition and bottles of Drano, to help dispose of the bodies. His murders kits have been found in Alaska and New York, but he admitted to having others in Washington, Wyoming, Texas and possibly Arizona. He would look for victims in remote areas like parks, campgrounds, walking trials, or boating areas. If he was targeting a home he looked for a house with an attached garage, no car in the driveway, no children or dogs, he told investigators. Finally, after committing the murder, he would leave the geographic area immediately. Keyes Makes Mistakes In February 2012, Keyes broke his rules and made two mistakes. First, he kidnapped and killed someone in his hometown, which he had never done before. Secondly, he let his rental car be photographed by an ATM camera while using a victims debit card. On Feb. 2, 2012, Keyes kidnapped 18-year-old Samantha Koenig who was working as a barista at one of the many coffee stands around Anchorage. He was planning to wait for her boyfriend to pick her up and kidnap both of them, but for some reason decided against it and just grabbed Samantha. Koenigs abduction was caught on video, and a massive search for her was conducted by authorities, friends, and family for weeks, but she was killed shortly after she was abducted. He took her to a shed at his Anchorage home, sexually assaulted her and strangled her to death. He then immediately left the area and went on a two-week cruise, leaving her body in the shed. When he returned, he dismembered her body and dumped it in Matanuska Lake north of Anchorage. About a month later, Keyes used Koenigs debit card to get money from an ATM in Texas. The camera in the ATM captured a picture of the rental car Keyes was driving, linking him to the card and the murder. He was arrested in Lufkin, Texas on March 16, 2012. Keyes Begins to Talk Keyes was originally extradited back from Texas to Anchorage on credit card fraud charges. On April 2, 2012, searchers found Koenigs body in the lake. On April 18, an Anchorage grand jury indicted Keyes for the kidnapping and murder of Samantha Koenig. While awaiting trial in the Anchorage jail, Keyes was interviewed for more than 40 hours by Anchorage police detective Jeff Bell and FBI Special Agent Jolene Goeden. Although he was not completely forthcoming with many details, he began to confess to some of the murders that he committed over the past 11 years. The Motive for Murder The investigators tried to determine Keyes motive for the eight murders to which he confessed. There were just times, a couple of times, where we would try to get a why, said Bell. He would have this term; he would say, A lot of people ask why, and I would be, like, why not? Keyes admitted to studying the tactics of other serial killers, and he enjoyed watching movies about killers, such as Ted Bundy, but he was careful to point out to Bell and Goeden that he used his ideas, not those of other famous killers. In the end, the investigators concluded that Keyes motivation was very simple. He did it because he liked it. He enjoyed it. He liked what he was doing, Goeden said. He talked about getting a rush out of it, the adrenalin, the excitement out of it. Trail of Murders Keyes confessed to the murders of four people in three different incidents in Washington state. He killed two individuals, and he kidnapped and killed a couple. He didnt provide any names. He probably knew the names, because he liked to return to Alaska and then follow the news of his murders on the Internet. He also killed another person on the East Coast. He buried the body in New York but killed the person in another state. He would not give Bell and Goeden any other details of that case. The Currier Murders On June 2, 2011, Keys flew to Chicago, rented a car and drove almost 1,000 miles to Essex, Vermont. He targeted the home of Bill and Lorraine Currier. He conducted what he called a blitz attack on their home, tied them up and took them to an abandoned house. He shot Bill Currier to death, sexually assaulted Lorraine and then strangled her. Their bodies were never found. A Double Life Bell believes the reason that Keyes gave them more details about the Currier murders was because he knew they had evidence in that case pointing to him. So he opened up more about those murders than he did the others. It was chilling to listen to him. He was clearly reliving it to a degree, and I think he enjoyed talking about it, Bell said. A couple of times, he would kind of chuckle, tell us how weird it was to be talking about this. Bell believes their interviews with Keyes were the first time he had ever talked with anyone about what he referred to as his double life. He thinks Keyes held back details of his other crimes because he didnt want members of his family to know anything about his secret life of crime. How many more victims? During the interviews, Keyes referred to other murders in addition to the eight to which he confessed. Bell told reporters that he thinks Keyes committed less than 12 murders. However, in trying to piece together a timeline of Keyes activities, the FBI released a list of 35 trips that Keyes made across the country from 2004 to 2012, in hopes that the public and local law enforcement agencies could match up bank robberies, disappearances and unsolved murders to times when Keyes was in the area. Talk Is Over On Dec. 2, 2012, Israel Keyes was found dead in his Anchorage jail cell. He had cut his wrists and strangled himself with a rolled-up bedsheet. Under his body was a blood-soaked, four-page letter written on yellow legal pad paper in both pencil and ink. Investigators could not make out the writing on Keyes suicide note until the letter was enhanced at the FBI lab.​ An analysis of the enhanced letter concluded that it contained no evidence or clues, but was merely a creepy Ode to Murder, written by a serial killer who loved to kill. The FBI concluded there was no hidden code or message in the writings, the agency said in a news release. Further, it was determined that the writings do not offer any investigative clues or leads as to the identity of other possible victims. We may never know how many people Israel Keyes killed.

There Are Many Different Factors That Can Cause Loneliness

There are many different factors that can cause loneliness and isolation in a person’s life. Many of these factors are present throughout Of Mice and Men. The environment and the people who surround that person can really impact the quality of life one lives. Although isolation occurs when a person separates themselves from others physically, a person can also be isolated inside their own minds, even with others around them. In John Steinbeck’s novel, Of Mice and Men, Symbolism, imagery, and tone are used to show how isolation and loneliness shapes the lives of several characters. Two migrant workers, by the names George Milton and Lennie Small, are making their way to a California farm where they are due to start working. George is a†¦show more content†¦They’s a pig pen†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Steinbeck 57). Lennie always chimed in by saying â€Å"We could live offa the fatta the lan† (Steinbeck 57). This description of their â€Å"dream farm† att racts the interest of other characters, including Candy and Crook, who like Lennie and George, want to live a free life on a farm of their own. This farm becomes a symbol of the relationship between Lennie and George. It is a mutual interest that the two have this brings them closer together. The farm would allow Lennie to feel safe and would give him a purpose for caring for his animals. Retelling the description of the dream farm becomes a ritual. When Candy offers money to put towards the farm, the symbol becomes a strong reality. Candy states, â€Å" S’pose I went in with you guys. Tha’s three hundred an’ fifty bucks I’d put in† (Steinbeck 59). The â€Å"dream farm† represents freedom and protection from the rest of the world. Unfortunately, the dream of owning a farm doesn’t turn into reality. Soft object such as a woman’s dress, a furry mouse, and a soft puppy, all symbolized comfort and security to Lennie. Each of these different obsessions got Lennie into trouble. Lennie and George had to leave the town of Weed when he innocently touched a woman’s dress because it looked soft. A furry mouse was accidentally petted to death in Lennie’s pocket. His new soft puppy and Curley’s wife both had their necks broken because Lennie didn’t know his own strength when touching them. Lennie’s bigShow MoreRelatedDepression Can Mean Several Different Things. It Can Mean1398 Words   |  6 PagesDepression can mean several different things. It can mean normal depression, such as loss, conflict, trauma, or the disruption of normal life balance. It can be a symptom of a physical illness, or a side effect of medication. It can also be based on neurochemical abnormalities (Karren, Smith, Gordon, 2014, p. 181-182). Depression as an illness is not a normal reaction, but it can occur even without a clear reason (Karren, Smith, Gordon, 2014, p. 182). A person who is depressed feels th at theRead MoreThe Impact Of A College Education On Young People s Lives847 Words   |  4 Pages13.10 Describe the impact of a college education in young people’s lives, and discuss the problem of dropping out. Many describe college as the place where they gained the majority of their real world education, and used the skills they developed early their life. It is also during this time individuals experience different cultures and ideologies that they may not have been introduced to prior to college. The lessons learned in college include problem-solving and the understanding of complex issuesRead MoreIs Facebook Making Us Lonely Analysis1428 Words   |  6 Pageswith some of his research on what causes loneliness and how Facebook and people avoiding each other seems to be causes of loneliness. He also reports about other factors as to what makes us solitary. Maybe Facebook isn’t the problem, maybe we are choosing to become lonely or is it in our DNA. Throughout his piece, Marche begins his argument with an engaging story that emotionally appeals to his readers and establishes his ethos as a credible source. Marche includes many sources and statistics that enforcesRead MoreTwo Live s of Solitude in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Essay1027 Words   |  5 Pagesone’s life there is not only contentment or grief, but a state of loneliness. Loneliness is a part of human life, although some suffer from isolation more than others. Being lonely can lead to depression or create a different persona in oneself. Struggling through isolation can eventually kill one’s soul, expecting no hope or ending up in dangerous situations. The novella Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck portrays the theme of loneliness especially through two characters. Crooks and Curley’s wife experienceRead MoreLoneliness In John Steinbecks Of Mice And Men1490 Words   |  6 Pages The Effect of Loneliness in Of Mice and Men â€Å"Loneliness centres on the act of being seen. When a person is lonely, [he/she] long to be witnessed, accepted, desired, at the same time as becoming intensely wary of exposure† (Laing). As this quote suggests, when people begin to feel lonely, they wish to be accepted. But along with the desire for attention, the lonesome person’s suspicion grows. They become wary of the people around them, fearing rejection or judgement. Believing thatRead MoreThe Pursuit Of Happiness : Time, Money, And Social Connections1570 Words   |  7 Pagesdebatable. Happiness can last anywhere from a fraction of a second to possibly a lifetime. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines being happy as â€Å"feeling pleasure and enjoyment because of your life, situation, etc..† Although there are a few set definitions for the word, the definition of happiness can range from person to person. Most people define happiness by naming material things in their life as well as pe ople. Setting goals to achieve one’s definition of happiness can cause them to alter theirRead MoreCompanionship Quotes In Frankenstein1160 Words   |  5 Pagesnecessity in life, because all different types of people and creations rely on the company of others. Without the company of others, people no longer act as they should in society. They no longer learn new things and they become outcasts. In the book, Frankenstein, the creature lives his life without a companion and the outcome is tragic. Companionship is a necessity in life, because living without a companion will lead to mental illnesses, violence and loneliness. Mental illness is defined by NAMIRead MoreEssay about Escaping Isolation1069 Words   |  5 PagesMany people experience what it is like to be isolated at some point in their lives. But when does one feel like an outcast? Being isolated can change one’s entire outlook on life. Alienation can be described as â€Å"a powerful feeling of isolation and loneliness† (Alienation 1). Different people react differently to alienation and some express it by becoming â€Å"withdrawn and lethargic [and] others may react with hostility and violence† (Alienation 1). Many suffer from alienation for a variety of causesRead MoreOf Mice and Men Literary Analysis1242 Words   |  5 Pagesthe idealized friendship they share. The author Steinbeck uses nearly all of the characters in this novel to express the importance of having a real and true friendship. †¨However, a large part in the novel Of Mice and Men expresses the loneliness suffered by many of the characters and their longing for companionship. Each of these characters searches for friends who truly care about each other throughout the story. The main theme that the author attempts to convey through various dialogues betweenRead MoreOf Mice And Men Isolation1219 Words   |  5 Pages Isolation, or loneliness, is a prevalent feeling shared by many individuals in societies of older generations and future generations. It is commonly misunderstood that every individual has someone to talk to, someone to express themselves to, however, that is a misconception. There are many who suffer from the pain that isolation brings forth. In addition, there are several divisions in society that cause an emptiness in certain individuals. In society, categories such as race, gender, age, and

Consultation And Collaboration With Other Human Service...

Consultation and Collaboration Compared With Other Human Service Activities Kayla Winger Concordia University - Wisconsin Abstract Understanding the difference between consultation and collaboration with human service functions can be very difficult. Many human service professionals use consultation and collaboration in their practice but there is a distinct difference between a therapy session and consultation and collaboration. The main goal behind consultation and collaboration is to attempt to alleviate current problems while preventing their future occurrence. Consultation and collaboration also attempts to promote the psychological well-being of society through indirect methods. A consultative or collaborative relationship is one in which two peers are viewed as equals and play equal roles in power, although in consultation the consultee is the individual with the greatest need within the relationship. Consultation and collaboration compared with other human service activities sets aside the distinct ways in which these two fields differ from one another. It seems as if these two fields are very similar; however, they are quite different and quite often get misinterpreted for each other. There are four common human service functions known as: counseling and psychotherapy; supervision; teaching; and mediation. â€Å"The field of Human Services is broadly defined, uniquely approaching the objective of meeting human needs through anShow MoreRelatedThe Smith City Tigers Prides1211 Words   |  5 Pages The Smith City Tigers prides itself on providing the highest quality of education. Through a strong collaboration of students, parents, staff and community, Smith City High School promotes a safe and nurturing environment for all, with the goal of empowering students to become critical thinkers and life-long learners. Demographics (2013-2014 school year) Smith City High School, home of nearly 1,300 students, takes pride in having one of the highest attendance rates in the state at 94Read MoreCharter776 Words   |  4 Pagescandidates and to compete more effectively (with the private sector and other levels of| |government for candidates) | |Respond to the level of employee engagement and employee perceptions relayed though the corporate employee surveys. | |An element of the Corporate Human Resource Plan Read MoreEssay on Telepsychiatry: Improving Mental Health Possibilities1655 Words   |  7 Pagescomplicated to determine exact numbers. This problem can be attributed to such issues as the changing definitions of mental illness as well as difficulties in classifying, diagnosing, and reporting mental disorders. Limitations to adequate mental health services including social stigma, cultural incompatibility between patients and providers, language barriers, lack of insurance and logistical barriers. In addition, significant differences in socioeconomic status, lifestyle behaviors, and access to careRead MoreEvolution of Organizational Development5723 Words   |  23 PagesAdvances in Developing Human Resources http://adh.sagepub.com The Evolution of Organization Development at Cornell University: Strategies for Improving Performance and Building Capacity Chester C. Warzynski Advances in Developing Human Resources 2005; 7; 338 DOI: 10.1177/1523422305277175 The online version of this article can be found at: http://adh.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/7/3/338 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Academy of Human Resource Development Read MoreThe Population Of Interest Used By Charles Georges County Maryland1669 Words   |  7 Pageskg/m2). This type of epidemiology is 4 fold higher as compared to Hispanic or white counterparts. Physiological effects related to obesity contributes to high blood pressure phenotype comprising of altered salt sensitivity, enhanced sympathetic activity, chronic renal injury because of glomerular hyper filtration, and antihypertensive drug therapy resistance (Rocchini , 2000).The prevalence of heart problems in the year 2010 caused 645 deaths in females and 92 deaths from diabetes in males. TheRead MoreUnwanted and Unplanned Teen Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Illness1544 Words   |  7 Pagescollectively and separately work to create programs that will educate and provide support for this population, to prevent or decrease unplanned and unwanted teen pregnancy and STI’s while increasing safe sex practices and or promoting abstinence. Sexual activity among teens leads to high instances of STI’s, and adolescents ages 15-24 account for nearly half of the 20 million new cases of STIs each year; chlamydia and gonorrhea are the most commonly diagnosed among this age group (â€Å"Sexually Transmitted Diseases†Read MoreEffective Communication And Time Management For A Patient With An Acute St Elevated Myocardial Infarction1591 Words   |  7 Pageshelp and â€Å"Establishing a PPCI service requires a multidisciplinary approach and good communication between all stakeholders† (DoH; 2008). Review and Evaluation Communication with Mr Alpha. From experience, effective communication with the patient can save time in time sensitive situations. Walter et al (2005) conducted qualitative research where trainee doctors conducted consultations with patients and found that professionals 1; Called the patients into the consultation room. 2; greeted them. 3; introduceRead MoreSample Information Security Policy1122 Words   |  5 Pagescompany’s IT resources are used for the purposes for which they were intended, in a manner that does not interfere with the rights of others. Availability is concerned with the full functionality of a system (e.g. finance or payroll) and its components. The potential causes of these losses are termed threats. These threats may be human or non-human, natural, accidental, or deliberate. 2. Domains of Security. This policy will deal with the following domains of security: Read MoreImproving Health, Education, And The Environment1106 Words   |  5 Pagesthe environment. These goals were endorsed by 189 countries at the September 2000 UN Millennium General Assembly in New York. They focus on significant, measurable improvements for the efforts of the World Bank Group, governments, other international organizations, and other partners in the development community. The MDGs grew out of the agreements and resolutions that have resulted from world conferences organized by the UN in the past 10–15 years. Each goal is to be achieved by 2015, with progressRead MoreThe Individuals With Disabilities Education Act1535 Words   |  7 Pagesadolescents with disabilities. It ensures all individuals with disabilities between the ages of 3−21 the right to a free, appropriate public education (FAPE), regardless of the nature or severity of the disability. Schools must therefore provide services to meet the particular educational needs arising from a di sabling condition that cannot be met in the general educational program. THE NATURE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION Special education is instruction tailored to the unique learning needs of an exceptional

Personal Relationship Is Unethical, And How It Will Impact...

ofessionals should not develop a personal relationship in the work place because it is unethical, is a conflict of interest, and leads to more severe consequences. I will discuss what a conflict of interest is, why developing a relationship is unethical, and how it will impact me as a health educator. A conflict of interest is when behavior and/or actions clash with the expectations of that professional. A conflict of interest can affect many aspects of the work place. It is important for health professionals to always be familiar with their contracts, ethical guidelines, and legal guidelines. Developing a relationship in the work place is ethically wrong because it crosses personal boundaries for both parties. The first thing a health or fitness professional should do is determine if this relationship is a conflict of interest of not. I believe this is a good start because once that individual sees that they can assess how to fix he problem. If a personal trainer has a client that they have developed a more personal relationship with, they can propose the idea for that client to go to another trainer. Proposing the idea for your client to go to someone else allows for the relationship to continue while the client is still receiving the proper attention. A conflict of interest can lead to a negative outcome when it comes to that professional’s reputation and integrity. As another example, a nutritionist starts hanging out with one of her clients outside of work, she seesShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics Assignment : Cfnc And My Chosen Career Essay1637 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness Ethics Assignment CFNC AND MY CHOSEN CAREER The CFNC Interest Profiler defined me as a â€Å"helper† and as a â€Å"thinker,† which coincides perfectly with my chosen career as a secondary school English teacher. Teachers need a substantial amount of critical thinking skills and interpersonal skills; an excellent teacher comprehends material well, is capable of analysis, is articulate, is compassionate, listens effectively and has an innate goal to assist anyone they have the means to. CFNC alsoRead MoreMy Course Of Social Work Program Essay1642 Words   |  7 Pagesin psychology will be an asset and only add to my education within the master’s program at Washburn. While I was in the psychology program, I had the chance to learn about how various mental health issues impact the community, and how psychologists and social workers can work together to help those struggling with mental health issues and with the family members who are caregivers. In addition to my psychology courses I will have taken alm ost all the courses needed to satisfy my certification in theRead MoreThe Minimum Level Of Nursing1739 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper, I will discuss the social/economic, political as well as the ethical concerns and background associated with this issue. I will also explore possible alternatives for resolving the issue and the option I consider to have the greatest impact on nursing. Nurses enter the profession from a wide variety of access-point. Some of which include associate degrees, baccalaureate and accelerated programs for a non-nursing career, License in Vocational Nursing program. These access point all expandsRead MoreCollaboration, Communication, And Case Analysis For Health Care Master s Learners1852 Words   |  8 PagesCommunication, Case Analysis for Health Care Master’s Learners†, I had a generalized definition of what a leader is. A leader is an individual who overlooks an organization. However, I learned that the definition of a leader or leadership is much more complex than that. An effective leader is ethical, sensitive to diversity, and has the ability to form strong relationships. Currently, I do not hold a professional leadership position. However, I am taking courses in the public health field and taking nursingRead MoreEssay on Ethics2727 Words   |  11 Pagesconfusion? Without a strong code of ethics, managers/leaders ha ve no strong moral compass to guide them in times of crisis and confusion. Business ethics can be broken down into to broad areas: 1. Managerial mischief, example Enron, includes illegal, unethical, or questionable practices of individual managers or organizations, as well as the causes of such behaviors and remedies to eradicate them. Here in lies the problem, more often than not, business ethics is more a matter of dealing with dilemmasRead MoreDeveloping a Health Advocacy Campaign for HIV Stigma Reduction2746 Words   |  11 PagesHealthy People initiative that was developed by the Department of Health and Human Services. There are many ongoing health issues that our healthcare system is currently dealing with. The Healthy People initiative is a set of goals and objectives designed to guide national health promotion and disease prevention to improve the health of all people in the United States (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2010). The population health issue I’ve chosen for my policy developing campaign is HIV stigmaRead MoreEthical Decision Making and Behavior13474 Words   |  54 Pagescase study method. After presenting each approach, I’ll discuss its relative advantages and disadvantages. U nderstanding how we make and follow through on ethical decisions is the first step to making better choices; taking a systematic approach is the second. We’ll explore both of these steps in this chapter. After examining the ethical decision-making process, we’ll see how guidelines or formats can guide our ethical deliberations. 235 236——PART III. Ethical Standards and Strategies ComponentsRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography: Plagiarism39529 Words   |  158 PagesOrganization, 19(6): 881- 889. Global Health Bibliography Carabali, J. M. and Hendricks, D. (2012), Dengue and health care access: the role of social determinants of health in dengue surveillance in Colombia. Global Health Promotion, 19(4): 45-50. Deguen, S., Sà ©gala, C., Pà ©drono, G. and Mesbah, M. (2012), A New Air Quality Perception Scale for Global Assessment of Air Pollution Health Effects. Risk Analysis, 32(12): 2043-2054. Hassoun, N. (2012), Global Health Impact: A Basis For Labeling And LicensingRead MoreNature of Strategic Management13243 Words   |  53 Pagesgood business in strategic management. 7. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of entering global markets. 8. Discuss the relevance of Sun Tzus The Art of War to strategic management. Notable Quotes If we know where we are and something about how we got there, we might see where we are trending—and if the outcomes which lie naturally in out course ate unacceptable, to make timely change. ABRAHAM LINCOLN Without a strategy, an organization is like a ship without a rudder, going around in circlesRead MorePharmaceutical Industry Ethical Practices13569 Words   |  55 PagesMarketing 31 The Process: 34 The Training: 34 Information Sessions: 34 Personal Grooming: 34 Training About Selling Skills: 34 Simulated Field Visits: 35 Testing and Selection: 35 Sessions with the Product Managers: 35 Tips and Guidelines: 35 The Approach: 35 Approaching the General Practician: 36 Approaching the doctors in hospitals: 37 Approaching the pharmacies: 37 The marketing: 38 How drugs are promoted? 39 Ethically Wrong or Right? 46 Common Practices 47 Independence

Leonardo Di Ser Piero Da Vinci Essay Paper Example For Students

Leonardo Di Ser Piero Da Vinci Essay Paper Leonardo was a man of many different talents; among those talents were polymath, painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, inventor, engineer, writer, geologist, anatomist, cartographer, anatomist, and botanist. Leonardo was primarily known for his painting (Mona Lisa, the last supper, Vitamin Man), and his fascinating inventions (Helicopter, tank, flying Machine, Viola Organists) which I will be talking about in depth in my research paper. First study science, and then follow with practice based on science.. The painter who draws by practice and judgment of the eye without the use of reason is like the mirror the reproduces within itself all the objects which are set opposite to it without knowledge of the name. The youth ought first to learn perspective, then the proportions of everything, then he should learn from the hand off good master. Leonardo Dad Vinci The Renaissance marked the transition point from the middle ages to the modern world. Young Leonardo Did Seer Piper Dad Vince received his education of Painter, sculptor, and engineering in Florence in the early sass. In a time when coming with a new approach toward science was considered a direct insult or challenge to the church, Leonardo managed to project his new finding of science, Mathematics formulas, and social reasoning without creating a new reform of cultural beliefs. Among his creation we can find what is considered to be an early predecessor of todays helicopter. Between 1480 and 1493 Leonardo Dad Vinci designed what is known today as the Aerial Screw or also known as the Helical Air Screw. Leonardo Helical Air Screw measure approximately fifteen feet across and the material used to build it were reed, linen, and wire. The main power proportion came from four men that were standing in the middle of the craft rotating different pedals in order to rotate the screw like shaft (See figure L-1). Leonardo was a very methodical reader and writer. He often read books that interest him with pen on hand. He was so critical of himself that he used to describe his though in writing, and draw them most of the time in order to retrace his thinking. In the old time it was common for inventors to read others innovators ideas in order to create new ones or reproduce the same invention with improvements. One of those creations was the Leonardo Assault Vehicle. After researching Roberto Evaluators De re military, Leonardo Dad Vinci went ahead and created the Assault Vehicle with a technology that was unheard of at the mime. Due to the lack of funds and the war at the Apennines Peninsula Leonardo had to restrain his master creation to Just a blueprint. The Assault Vehicle had an upside- down cone shape with four wheels at the bottom, and a crankshaft for propulsion. Been that Leonardo was so critical of his own invention, he decided to make the vehicle self-propulsion. Leonardo achieved this improvement by creating a spring-power system (As the Motor), and an innovated differential transmission system. (L-2 Picture of Assault Vehicle) Another area in which Leonardo Dad Vinci broke new ground was painting. But to his misfortune in life by 1514 most of his paintings were not completed due to lack of commissions and Italians wars. One of those paintings happened to be the Mona Lisa or La Cocooned a 16th century oil painting portray of Lisa did Antonio Maria Grenadine which in todays expert opinion it is one of the most impossible to comprehend painting in the history of art. Leonardo started to paint the Mona Lisa in 1503 under the commission of Francesco did Bartholomew did Zinnia del Giaconda and finished nil 519 shortly before he died. By 1511 Leonardo had to migrate under the Melee family protection to Vapors where he sided and produced magnificent creation of arts for two years in order to repay the Melee family hospitality. .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 , .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 .postImageUrl , .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 , .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117:hover , .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117:visited , .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117:active { border:0!important; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117:active , .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117 .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8f19b3b4667390a9874c25381334c117:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Leonardo Da Vinci EssayWhile at Vapors Leonardo continued to develop his new projects and improving his paintings knowing that sooner or later he will have to find a more suitable patron in order to be able to finance his work. The solution to financial impasse came in February 1513 in the hand of Giovanni De Medici, the younger descendent of Lorenz IL Magnificent. With the death of Pope Julius II in Rome and Giovanni asserted to papacy under the name of Pope Leo X. Giuliani De Medici rather of Pope Leo X and by them commander of the papal army, invited Leonardo to Rome for his knowledge of art and military technology. The invitation to Rome by Giuliani De Medici was the opportunity that Leonardo Dad Vinci was waiting for. Unlimited commissions, immeasurable social status, and a very power full patron. What else? By September 1513 Leonardo relocated himself back to Rome where he was accommodated in the Vatican luxury Belvedere villas together with all his painting including some half stages such us the Lead, the Mona Lisa, and the Saint Anne.

Ethical Consumerism to Political Consumption.Geography Compass

Question: Describe about the Ethical Consumerism to Political Consumption.Geography Compass? Answer: Introduction: In recent times a large number of consumers are becoming ethically conscious about almost everything, the food they eat, the products they purchase and the services they receive. According to the ethical consumers the products that they purchase must be environment friendly, proper techniques of production, abides by the labour standards and maintaining the human rights within the process of production. Ethical consumerism is the thriving issue states the different companies engages in ethical trading activities. There are consumers who not only care about the price and quality of the products but are also concerned in the way the products have been made (Hudson, Hudson and Edgerton, 2013). In this regard the environmental impact, rights of the workers and violation of any laws must be considered when the production is commenced. The ethical consumers want to make their purchase ethical and meaningful as ethical issues is the self identity of the ethical consumers. The ethical decisi on of the consumers depends on their purchasing decision which is reflected through the individual philosophies and personal values (Kelly, 2003). The ethical decision of an individual is based on the personal beliefs of what is wrong and right. Suppose that there is a fair trade label on the product which implies that the product has been derived from developing countries where the companies value the workers rights and the welfare of the consumers. Ethical consumerism is of two types the positive buying and the moral boycott. The positive buying refers to the ethical purchase of the consumers rather than on self interest (Kramer, 2006). The aim of the research is to identify the ethical consumer purchase behavior in one of the leading supermarket in the UK which is Tesco. To be more specific, the research does not deal in the quantification of the ethical product and service expenditure rather it offers a qualitative analysis to the purchasing behavior of the consumers in the UK. The objectives of the research are: To determine the ethical practices of Tesco. To understand the consumers preference for the ethical products. To evaluate the availability of ethical products in the stores of Tesco To analyze the challenges associated with The research questions that the researcher needs to address in this study are: What are the current ethical practices of Tesco? What are the factors that influence the purchasing decision of the consumers? In what ways do the products of Tesco identified as ethical? What are the problems and controversies associated with the ethical practices of Tesco? Literature Review Introduction Ethical consumerism is practiced in Tesco to understand its social responsibility. The literature review provides certain information that will help understand the current position of Tesco and the tools that are used for ethical consumerism and way it influences the purchasing decisions of its consumers. The information on the ethical consumers is gathered, and the behavior as per different studies of ethical consumerism is analyzed. The research study also explores the discussion of social and empirical practices, policies and sciences, which relates to sustainability. The research focuses on the consumer motivation, narratives and behaviors with relation to theoretical, social and political factors (Anon, 2015). During the research, it can be found that some tools exist which will assist the consumers to make sustainable and ethical purchasing decisions. The research shows that Tesco is incorporating ethical consumerism in its business practices, which is done by its program Trading Fairly. The Trading Fairly program is the key element of Tesco, which ensures the promise of the company to sell products and buy stocks responsibly. It influences the consumer behavior ethically. As per Holbrook and Cooper-Martin (2009) ethical customer behavior is defined as the decision of the consumers to obtain or consume products as per their ethical concerns and values (Clarke, 2008). Review Structure The literature review has a clear structure. The entire structure of the review depends mainly on the research area. It should be grouped together, and varying opinions on the research topics should be contrasted and compared. This can be done by discussing what one writer has to say about the topic and then comparing it with the ides of another writer. As per Jesson, Matheson and Lacey (2011), the topic areas, research questions and controversial issues should support the research review. In each of this section, various literature arguments should be connected with the research purpose. The structure of the literature review focuses on the factors that influence the purchasing structure of the consumers (Barnett, 2011). Factors influencing the buying pattern of the consumer Consumers when went to buy a product, they associate and identify with those companies that has some ethical values as well as their purchasing decision gets influenced by environmental values. The reason for which the consumers choose to purchase products from the company is depended largely on their religious values, environmental factors, and political beliefs. Vaananen and Lindeman (2011) say that religious beliefs of the consumers influence their acceptability of the products. The authors further said that the environmental factors include environmental safety and sustainability, and the political beliefs include the political position of the country to which the consumer belongs. The research shows that the environmental factors make the biggest impact on the consumer's buying decision (Anon, 2015). Logical Progression An effective review can be constructed based on a logical and coherent progression of different ideas into an accumulated form. The literature review should be accomplished by following ways- Processing the problem related to the research; Looking for new inquiry lines; Avoiding ineffective methods; Recognizing research recommendations; Gaining practical knowledge; Differentiating the actual results from the desired results; Achieving new viewpoint; Determining significant applicable variables; Connecting theories and ideas to functions; Reducing the effects of the setback; Setting the research with relation to a historical framework; Showing expertise with latest developments (Culiberg and Bajde, 2012); Conceptual Model The objective of the research is to recognize the features that decide the intention of the consumers to buy products from the retail shops of Tesco. However, the study of the literature it can be found that the company is practicing ethical consumption in its operations. By assessing the buying intention of the consumers, the research tries to find the factors, which lead to the purchase of the products from Tesco. The desires of the consumers to select and purchase the products contribute to the improvement of the ethical consumption (Ethical consumerism to reptile welfare: views aired at welfare forum, 2011). The factors, which are included in conceptual model, are- Significance of price, Concern of consumers regarding the product composition and health, Availability of the products in the market (competitors), Ethics of consumer, and Demographic factors (moderating factor) (Ethicalconsumer.org, 2015) The research hypothesis was based on the five factors. Some of the research questions involved the following- How Tesco is making a positive impact on the health of the consumers? How the safety norms followed by the company influences the consumers buying intentions? How the consumer ethical issues influence the consumers buying intentions? How the lack of ethical consumerism can adversely affect the company? How ethical consumerism can maintain long run sustainability for Tesco? (Gunderson, 2013) Tools Analysis and Research In the research, it can be found that there are certain tools that will assist the consumers in carrying out sustainable and ethical buying decisions in the company. These tools can be found online and are used to get more information on definite objectives and practice to analyze and understand that information thoroughly. After gathering more information and analyzing tools, several weaknesses and gaps can be found. The tools are used to consider all the parts of sustainability. The research will help in creating a new idea, which will help implement the research tool to assess ethical consumerism in Tesco. These tools used to define the logical progression of the review (Hamelin, Harcar and Benhari, 2013). While creating the research tool, certain guideline indicators are used which help consumers to be more ethical and sustainable. The guideline indicators are categorized into three types that are- Indicators are shown as the relative measures and stages of use. Indicators are shown in the absolute figures form. Indicators are shown as whether the goals are achieved or not (Harbin, 2012). Critical Thinking The review conveys the critical analysis of the writer. Critical analysis or thinking is defined as a methodical way to shape the thinking in a written format. It functions in an exact and purposeful way. Some of the characteristics required in the critical thinking are- The critical thinking is guided by the intellectual standards, which are accuracy, relevance, clarity, precision, breadth, and depth. Without the proper guidance of the intellectual standards, thinking can never reach quality. Effective thinking helps in developing the intellectual characteristics of the thinker. Intellectual characteristics include intellectual integrity, intellectual humility, intellectual empathy, intellectual perseverance, intellectual self-discipline and intellectual knowledge (Henn, 2000). Critical thinking involves in identifying the Thought Element, which will help in thinking about any possible problem. It helps in making logical connections between the problem and the factors. The following factors that can be asked in the critical thinking review are- Purpose of thinking; Point of view of thinking; Information used in the process; Way of interpreting the information; Ideas or concepts related to the thinking; Conclusions are drawn from the thinking; Assumptions took to draw the conclusions; Implication made from the conclusions; Consequence if the thought is put into action (Jesson, Matheson and Lacey, 2011). Sources of the Literature Review When the literature is constructed then, secondary sources are required. Secondary sources are the data sources, which are available in the form of archives, library, and data available in databases and the internet. The research analysis is based on the literature available from all these sources. The researcher research questions or hypothesis is carried out based on the literature available in reports, articles, and manuscripts. The sources also include many bibliographies, indexes, dictionaries, handbooks, encyclopedias, manuals, electronic databases, Internet portals and manual. Some of the information type and reference source followed in the research analysis are- Current information- Newspaper, websites, news magazine; Current information (technical) - Technical, empirical and professional peer-reviewed journals Current information (professional) - Technical, empirical and professional peer-reviewed journals Local Information- Organizational documents, local newspapers, etc; Company Description- Company websites and websites related to the companys details (Lewis and Potter, 2011); The critical tool includes the bibliographic record, which is needed to be constructed for the research purposes. The bibliographic records help the analyst keep track of information, sources, and insights. Some of the bibliographic records are- Subjects- The subjects involved in the research are described. Citation- Complete and accurate bibliographic heads should be given, and the referencing style is followed. Problem and Purpose Description- The research summary includes the summarization of all the circumstances and problems, which are then reviewed. It includes the research hypothesis or questions. Conclusions and results - The conclusions are made by the researcher, based on the results found in the research work. The results are the findings that could be found in the research work. The major difference between the conclusions and result is, the conclusion is professional judgment, and a result is the findings (Tesco.com, 2015). When the literature process is started, the entire bibliographic database is used. In the bibliographic database, each record is in the form of bibliographic citation from a journal article, newspaper article and most common used source, books. The searching of bibliographic databases includes the internet use, which are- Locating the relevant database for the research questions and hypothesis; Constructing search string from the search conventions; Refining the search string with better and relevant citations and web pages; Keeping the backup of the reference list; The literature process is depended on the acquaintance with different literature databases and sources that are used in the professional practice. The bibliographic databases include Westlaw, Newsbank, ProQuest, etc. Search engines like the Google Scholar of Google can also be used for citation sources (Thomas, 2011). Decision Model The current position of the research analysis can be defined. In accordance to Rob Harrison, the four factors, which make a huge influence on the purchasing decision of the ethical consumers are- Campaign Groups: They provide important tools for the consumers, like labels, which will assist the consumers with certain information. The information given in the labels need to be checked as well as updated, and any unethical practices should be avoided. Governments: They inform the consumers by creating legislation, certifying, and publishing relevant data and information. The government norm helps in improving ethical consumerism (Thompson and Coskuner-Balli, 2007). Specialist Consumer Publications: They inform the consumers by three key sources. The key sources are expert ethical consumer associations, campaign group periodical, and mainstream consumers organization. Private Sector: They influence the consumers by the mainstream companies as well as alternative companies. Mainstream companies can develop new trend or fashion, which can draw the attention of the consumers. On the other hand, the alternative consumers give identity, which is important for the ethical consumers (Vaughan, 2012). Conclusion A conceptual framework is established in the research analysis. The literature review starts with the introduction of ethical consumerism is practiced in Tesco to understand its social responsibility. The research shows that Tesco is incorporating ethical consumerism in its business practices, which is done by its program. The entire structure of the review depends mainly on the research area. After discussing the research structure, the factors influencing the buying pattern of the consumer are determined. Then the logical progression of the research work is shown. The conceptual model describes the objective of the research that is used is to recognize the features that decide the intention of the consumers to buy products from the retail shops of Tesco. The information and analyzing tools are collected, and several weaknesses and gaps are found. The tools are used to ensure sustainability in the review. The critical analysis or thinking is used which can be defined as a methodical way to shape the thinking in a written format. Then the various sources, which can be used in the research, work and the way it is used in the study is evaluated. Finally, the decision models, which can influence the purchasing decision of the ethical consumers, are evaluated (Uusitalo and Oksanen, 2004). Research Methodology: In the collection of information on the ethical purchasing behavior of the consumers in Tesco was commenced by conducting survey and interview among 500 consumers who frequently visit the Tesco stores. The convenience sampling was conducted for the selection of the data. There are two approaches to conduct the research. The first is the inductive approach and the second is the deductive approach (Hudson, Hudson and Edgerton, 2013). The deductive approach is more appropriate for the research as it establishes a connection between the theory and the research in natural way (Denk, 2010). The researcher has to deduct a hypothesis which is the best way to collect the empirical data. On the other hand, the inductive approach collects the data which is in compliance with the relevant theory. In this research the research has selected the deductive approach of research rather than the inductive research approach. Data Collection Methods: There are several methods through which the research can be done. The quantitative method is the distant approach which is considered by the researcher as the data and information collected can be quantified for the analysis of the ethical consumerism in Tesco. The data is collected using the simple method of sampling and numerical conclusions. The qualitative method is more appropriate for this type of research as it helps to understand the perceptions of the consumers in terms of ethical choice (International Journal of Social Research Methodology: Theory Practice, 2012). The research is commenced through the methods which assemble empirical data and information derived from the area of the study. Both the methods of data collection help to determine the empirical data and can be used for the different aspects. This research will utilize both the types of methods of data collection; qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. The focus of this research is on the qualitat ive data collection through the interviews. The quantitative research has been done through the survey conducted among the 500 consumers of Tesco. The survey is conducted using the questionnaires and the qualitative data is collected through the structured interviews. The questionnaires contain several questions on ethical consumerism and the choice of the products by the consumers in Tesco. The questions are close ended with five responses such as strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree and strongly disagree. Implementation: The data collection which is used on this research is of two types the primary data and the secondary. The primary data is collected directly from the source of the information which is in this case obtained for the consumers of the Tesco. The secondary data is collected from several other sources like from the websites of the company, from journal articles, magazines etc. Primary Data: The primary data collection is commenced through the different forms of observations like interviews, questionnaires and focus groups. The researcher has used semi-structure interviews and questionnaires. The interviews are conducted before the questionnaires which will the researcher to understand the consumer response in better ways. The interviews conducted were based on semi-open questions which were found to be appropriate for the study. This semi-open question was suitable as the research demanded to understand the thinking and perception of the consumers. The interviews were recorded and transcribed to gather opinions and comments of the respondents. The perception that was aimed to obtain through this research is the ethical consumer purchasing decision and behavior (Clarke, 2008). Secondary data: Secondary data collection is done through relevant literature review from the articles and literature. Important books have also been used for the research. The relevant information about the ethical practices by the Tesco and other relevant data are used by the researcher in this study. Sample Group: The semi-structured interviews were conducted among 500 consumers of the Tesco. The sample group of the consumers was in the age group 22-30 years. The interviews had different perceptions about the research area and the concepts about the ethical consumerism within the Tesco. The interview was conducted at a store of Tesco in the UK. The questionnaires were distributed through the social network websites to the respondents of different age group, cultural and different ideas about the ethical consumerism. The sample group is comprised of 305 respondents due to certain restraints the 500 consumers were dropped down to 305. In this case some of the consumers were not willing to participate in the research, some of them did not respond to the interview questions and the others who participated in the interview but could not answer the questions accurately was not included in the research. This means that out of the 500 consumers only 305 responses could be considered by the researcher. Critics of the method used: The criticisms for this method are many and can be analyzed by the comparison of different types of methods. Some critics are of the view that the research could have been conducted in different other ways that is through the telephonic interviews, focus group or group interviews. The focus group interviews are more important as they establish interaction between the interviewees and the interviewer (Devinney, Auger and Eckhardt, 2010). The method of data collection can also be criticized on the grounds that it is complicated to analyze and summarize for the research. It has also been evident from Jacobsen (2002) that consumers are more comfortable to participate in face-to-face-interviews rather than telephonic interviews. The positive aspect of the data collection method is that it is less time consuming and less expensive for the researcher (Wilkinson, 1998). The sample group considered in this case lies in the age group of 22-30 which means that the middle or the old age are excl uded from the survey. The focus of the data collection was on the individuals who are financially stable. Critics of the sources used: The primary data collected from the consumers were found to be relevant as it coincided with the perceptions about the ethical consumerism. The secondary data collected from the literature and articles and scientific journals were proved to be relevant but some of the journal articles could not be accessed due to the financial reason (Gunderson, 2013). It can be said that only accurate and relevant information has been considered by the researcher for this study. Data Analysis: The data obtained using the structured interviews and questionnaires were analyzed using the likert five point scales. The data analysis proved the number of respondents who have answered for strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree and strongly disagree. The data so obtained would help to analyze the responses of the consumers regarding the ethical consumerism n Tesco (Yeow, Dean and Tucker, 2013). Reliability: The reliability of the results must ensure that the research should have been conducted in a manner that it can be repeated and trusted. It is relevant for the researcher to extract accurate information for the better management and completion of the results. According to Bellamy (2012) the reliability of the system of coding and measurement depends upon the type of data used in the research. If the same data used in different research and the results so obtained are same then the data are considered to be reliable (Preser, 2014). The researcher makes sure that if any other researcher uses the same type of data then the results obtained in this repeated research would yield the same interpretation. The researcher can use the internal consistency method for testing the reliability of the data used. For example, in this study some of the questions were designed in such a manner that some of them would yield the same response which proves that the questions were reliable to some extent. Validity: Validity ensures that the measurements used by the researcher would reflect the actual measure that the researcher wanted to prove. According to Bellamy (2012), the validity of the research is ensured by the accuracy of the statement formulated within the research. There are four categories of validity: Construct validity which ensures that the measurements allow attributing values to the research. Internal validity is described as the causality between the several data in order to understand the relationship of the data collection to be true. External validity refers to the identification of the generalization of the research and to ensure that the findings are true in other settings. Ecological Validity refers to the application of the scientific findings in the social and true setting. Ethics: The ethics is defined as the principles and values that are utilized by the researcher in order to conduct the interviews or any research activities. The researcher ensures that the ethics are considered while citation and referencing which must be properly done. The most important aspect of the ethics in the research is the healthy relationship between the researcher and the participants of the research. The researcher in this case must ensure that the participants are well informed about the research and the rationale of the research. In this regard the researcher are supposed to obtained consent from the participants and convince them that their information would be preserved and there shall not be any invasion of privacy or any act of deception while the research (Lewis and Potter, 2011). Conclusion: The ethical consumerism is the burgeoning issue of the consumer market. In recent times, more and more consumers are concerned with the ethical sourcing, production and distribution of the products and services they purchase. The aim of the study was to understand the ethical purchasing decision of the consumers in Tesco. The researcher had conducted interviews and surveys at the stores of the Tesco to analyze the perceptions and ethical decisions of the consumers. The validity, reliability and the ethics of the research are maintained by the researcher. References Clarke, N. (2008). From Ethical Consumerism to Political Consumption.Geography Compass, 2(6), pp.1870-1884. Denk, T. (2010). Comparative multilevel analysis: proposal for a methodology.International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 13(1), pp.29-39. Devinney, T., Auger, P. and Eckhardt, G. (2010).The myth of the ethical consumer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Gunderson, R. (2013). Problems with the defetishization thesis: ethical consumerism, alternative food systems, and commodity fetishism.Agric Hum Values, 31(1), pp.109-117. Hudson, M., Hudson, I. and Edgerton, J. (2013). Political Consumerism in Context: An Experiment on Status and Information in Ethical Consumption Decisions.American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 72(4), pp.1009-1037. Hudson, M., Hudson, I. and Edgerton, J. (2013). Political Consumerism in Context: An Experiment on Status and Information in Ethical Consumption Decisions.American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 72(4), pp.1009-1037. International Journal of Social Research Methodology: Theory Practice. (2012).International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 15(6), p.ebi-ebi. Kelly, J. (2003).Consumerism. Cambridge [England]: Grove Books. Kramer, J. (2006). Ethical Analysis and Recommended Action in Response to the Dangers Associated With Youth Consumerism.Ethics Behavior, 16(4), pp.291-303. Krupa, J. (2013). Shopping for good?: The perils of ethical consumerism.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 20(2), pp.248-249. Lewis, T. and Potter, E. (2011).Ethical consumption. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Preser, R. (2014). A methodology of damage.International Journal of Social Research Methodology, pp.1-14. Wilkinson, S. (1998). Focus group methodology: a review.International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 1(3), pp.181-203. Yeow, P., Dean, A. and Tucker, D. (2013). Bags for Life: The Embedding of Ethical Consumerism.J Bus Ethics, 125(1), pp.87-99. Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com Money Ethical money [Accessed 12 Aug. 2015]. Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.igd.com/Research/Sustainability/Ethical.../Ethical-Consumerism [Accessed 12 Aug. 2015]. Barnett, C. (2011).Globalizing responsibility. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell. Clarke, N. (2008). From Ethical Consumerism to Political Consumption.Geography Compass, 2(6), pp.1870-1884. Culiberg, B. and Bajde, D. (2012).Consumer ethical decision making. Ljubljana: [B. Culiberg]. Ethical consumerism to reptile welfare: views aired at welfare forum. (2011).Veterinary Record, 168(22), pp.595-595. Ethicalconsumer.org, (2015).Ethical Consumer: the alternative consumer organisation. [online] Available at: https://www.ethicalconsumer.org [Accessed 12 Aug. 2015]. Gunderson, R. (2013). Problems with the defetishization thesis: ethical consumerism, alternative food systems, and commodity fetishism.Agric Hum Values, 31(1), pp.109-117. Hamelin, N., Harcar, T. and Benhari, Y. (2013). Ethical Consumerism: A View From the Food Industry in Morocco.Journal of Food Products Marketing, 19(5), pp.343-362. Harbin, M. (2012).Concepts Elements of Sustainability. New Delhi: World Technologies. Henn, W. (2000). Consumerism in prenatal diagnosis: a challenge for ethical guidelines.Journal of Medical Ethics, 26(6), pp.444-446. Jesson, J., Matheson, L. and Lacey, F. (2011).Doing Your Literature Review. Los Angeles, Calif. ; London: SAGE. Lewis, T. and Potter, E. (2011).Ethical consumption. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Tesco.com, (2015).Tesco.com - online shopping; bringing the supermarket to you - Every little helps. [online] Available at: https://www.tesco.com [Accessed 12 Aug. 2015]. Thomas, L. (2011).Religion, consumerism and sustainability. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Thompson, C. and Coskuner-Balli, G. (2007). Enchanting Ethical Consumerism: The case of Community Supported Agriculture.Journal of Consumer Culture, 7(3), pp.275-303. Uusitalo, O. and Oksanen, R. (2004). Ethical consumerism: a view from Finland.International Journal of Consumer Studies, 28(3), pp.214-221. Vaughan, T. (2012).Business ethics. Delhi: University Publications.